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Technical development of rotary desiccant dehumidification and air conditioning

Rotary desiccant air conditioning system, which combines the technologies of desiccant dehumidification and evaporative cooling, is advantageous in being free from (chlorofluorocarbon ) CFCs, using low grade thermal energy and controlling humidity and temperature separately. Compared with conventional vapor compression air conditioning system, it preserves the merits of environment-friendly, energy saving, healthy, comfortable, etc. Ongoing research and development works suggest that new desiccant materials and novel system configurations have significant potential for improving the performance and reliability and reducing the cost and size of rotary desiccant dehumidification and air conditioning system, thereby increasing its market competitiveness and breaking out the current fairly small niche market. For the purpose of providing an overview of recent efforts on these issues and showing how rotary desiccant air conditioning systems can be designed and coupled to available thermal energy, this paper presents and analyzes the status of rotary desiccant dehumidification and air conditioning in the following three aspects: the development of advanced desiccant materials, the optimization of system configuration and the utilization of solar energy and other low grade heat sources, such as solar energy, district heating, waste heat and bioenergy. Some key problems to further push forward the research and development of this technology are also summarized.

Features and Benefits of Desiccant Dehumidifier

Features and Benefits of Dehumidifier
The Dehumidifier desiccant wheels are constructed from a unique corrugated high temperature fiber-based media impregnated with a non-migrating water selective desiccant. Unlike other media, the desiccant is uniformly and permanently dispersed throughout the matrix structure in contrast to being coated, bonded, or synthesized onto the matrix, and therefore, is not susceptible to delamination or erosion of the desiccant material.
➣ Homogenous media--desiccant is permanently bound to the media.
➣ desiccant wheels will not dust.
➣ Desiccant loading of > 75%.
➣ Tough, non-brittle media- resists damage.
➣ Wheel is completely water washable.
➣ High temperature resistant media for use with regeneration temperatures up to 350°F.
➣ Used with direct or indirect fired gas, electric heat, steam, and hot water regeneration.

Effective Technic to Remove Humidity or Moister from Air

Desiccant Dehumidification Wheel

The Desiccant Dehumidification Wheel 

is designed to provide maximum moisture removal with a minimum 

pressure drop for those applications where humidity control 

is required. A desiccant dehumidification wheel provides the 

HVAC system designer another tool to control humidity effectively 

and efficiently particularly in the low humidity ranges.

Technologies offers a complete line of both high performance 

silica gel (WSG) and molecular sieve (LT3) desiccant 

wheels to meet all outlet humidity requirements.

➣ Improved indoor air quality                                     

➣ Precise humidity control

➣ Both silica gel (WSG) and molecular sieve(LT3) desiccant 

wheels available

➣ Utilizes all types of regeneration energy                

➣ Very low dewpoints achievable

The desiccant wheels are used extensively in the wellknown 

industrial markets for corrosion protection and humidity 

control for many industrial processes. Commercial applications

include refrigerated warehouses, ice rinks, schools, supermarkets 

and hospitals. A residential and light commercial market is 

developing where small gas fired or hot water regenerated desiccant

equipment is used for centralized humidity control. The 

ability to control home humidity in the 50% RH range improves 

comfort, saves energy with higher set point temperatures, and 

prevents the formation of mold and mildew--a potential problem 

that is of increasing importance to the homeowner.

Desiccant Cooling

The availability of waste heat from distributed generation projects 

along with the increased ventilation standards for improved 

IAQ, is revitalizing the desiccant cooling industry. With waste

heat, desiccant cooling systems become extremely efficient while 

providing the additional benefit of independent temperature and 

humidity control.

The ASHRAE Standard 62-1989 (Ventilation for Acceptable 

Indoor Air Quality), describes a recommended target ratio of 

makeup air to return air for a variety of applications and building

types. Building codes in the U.S. and abroad are becoming 

increasingly more comprehensive in addressing ventilation 

requirements. Dehumidifier line of actively regenerated desiccant

wheels combined with sensible only wheels, heat pipes, DX 

coils, and/or indirect evaporative cooling provide the design 

engineer with many options to deal with the high latent loads

associated with increased ventilation requirements.

A typical twin wheel system: a desiccant

wheel for dehumidification, and a sensible

wheel for heat exchange.